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Windows NT 4.0: Released to Manufacturing July 31, 1996

Dave Farquhar Retro Computing July 31, 2026July 31, 2026 3 Comments

It was 30 years ago this week, on July 31, 1996, that Microsoft released Windows NT 4.0 to manufacturing. The workstation version appeared on store shelves a month later, with the server version following in September. In many ways, version 4 was a breakthrough release for the technology. Let’s take a moment to look back at what made Windows NT 4.0 such a breakthrough.

Dave Farquhar

David Farquhar is a computer security professional, entrepreneur, and author. He has written professionally about computers since 1991, so he was writing about retro computers when they were still new. He has been working in IT professionally since 1994 and has specialized in vulnerability management since 2013. He holds Security+ and CISSP certifications. Today he blogs five times a week, mostly about retro computers and retro gaming covering the time period from 1975 to 2000.

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Clive Sinclair: a US perspective

Dave Farquhar Retro Computing July 29, 2026July 29, 2026 7 Comments

Who did more than any other person in history to make computers affordable? My nomination goes to Sir Clive Sinclair, who was born July 30, 1940. And I’m an American who never used one of his computers.

Dave Farquhar

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IBM PS/2 E: The first Energy Star computer

Dave Farquhar Retro Computing July 28, 2026July 28, 2026 1 Comment

On June 29, 1993, IBM released the first energy star computer, the IBM PS/2 E. The “E” stood for energy. But while it was undeniably more efficient than other desktop PCs, arguably it was a PS/2 in name only. To make the PS/2 E more efficient, IBM used a mashup of technology, including but not limited to borrowing technology from its Thinkpad laptops. To celebrate its green nature, IBM adorned it with a big green stripe across the front. Yes, the stripe was green, not the traditional IBM blue.

Dave Farquhar

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Advantages and disadvantages of Windows NT 3.1

Dave Farquhar Retro Computing July 27, 2026July 28, 2026 4 Comments

I’ve talked a lot about the advantages and disadvantages of old milestone operating systems. But what were the advantages and disadvantages of Windows NT 3.1, first released July 27, 1993? That’s a fair question, and there are valid reasons it proved transformational even though it initially did anything but take the world by storm.

Dave Farquhar

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What happened to ARCNET

Dave Farquhar Retro Computing July 26, 2026July 26, 2026 2 Comments

ARCNET was the first commercially available local area network standard, beating both Ethernet and Token Ring to market. Conceptually, it had similarities with both, and because it was inexpensive and efficient, it was popular for a good 15 years or so. ARCNET was an abbreviation for Attached Resource Computer NETwork. But you’re probably using some variant of Ethernet to read this blog post. So what happened to ARCNET?

Dave Farquhar

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David Bunnell, vintage computer magazine publisher

Dave Farquhar Retro Computing July 24, 2026July 24, 2026 3 Comments

David Bunnell, born July 25, 1947, was the founder of three of the most successful computer magazines of all time. He even edited two of them simultaneously, straddling two very different worlds.

He was not only a pioneer of tech journalism, he is one of the all-time greats. Bunnell wasn’t just a great tech journalist. He would have been great in any specialty. I am sad to say they don’t make them like him anymore.

Dave Farquhar

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The Caldera-Microsoft Lawsuit of 1996

Dave Farquhar Retro Computing July 23, 2026July 23, 2026 0 Comment

On July 23, 1996, Novell sold the intellectual property of Digital Research to Linux vendor Caldera. The common thread the two companies had was Ray Noorda. Noorda had been CEO of Novell and was Novell’s largest shareholder, and Caldera was part of Noorda’s Canopy Group, where he incubated startups. The very next day, Caldera filed a lawsuit against Microsoft, accusing it of violating sections 1 and 2 of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.

Dave Farquhar

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Amiga 1000: Ten years ahead of its time

Dave Farquhar Retro Computing July 22, 2026July 22, 2026 21 Comments

On July 23, 1985, Commodore introduced its Amiga 1000 computer. And let’s just say the world wasn’t ready for it yet. Dave Haynie, a Commodore engineer who worked on the later models, has said there was no such thing as a 1980s computer. There were 1970s computers and 1990s computers, and it was the Amiga that dragged the rest of the industry into the 1990s.

Dave Farquhar

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The First Microsoft Product

Dave Farquhar Retro Computing July 21, 2026July 21, 2026 0 Comment

On January 2, 1975, Microsoft announced Altair Basic, their first product. It was a programming language for the MITS Altair 8800 computer, a product that let people write their own software for the new computer. The makers of the computer licensed Altair Basic on July 22, 1975, and sold $16,005 worth of product by the end of the year.

Dave Farquhar

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The MCI Worldcom merger, bankruptcy, and scandal

Dave Farquhar Retro Computing July 20, 2026July 20, 2026 2 Comments

On November 4th, 1997, MCI and Worldcom merged in a deal worth $37 billion. This was an attempt by two large telecommunications companies to to combine and rival AT&T, but instead it turned into one of the biggest scandals and bankruptcies of its era. On July 21, 2002, the combined company went bankrupt, setting a record at the time as the largest bankruptcy in history.

Dave Farquhar

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