David L. Farquhar on technology old and new, computer security, and more
Steven Anthony Ballmer, born March 24, 1956, served as chief executive officer of Microsoft from 2000 to 2014. Today he is the owner of the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Steve Ballmer’s personal wealth is around $145 billion, making him the tenth-richest person in the world. Together with Gates, their personalities defined Microsoft’s public image for about 30 years.
It’s a meme from the turn of the century, an irony to end all ironies. The cheapest computers on the market at the time, which were arguably obsolete the day before you bought them, had stickers on the front bragging they were never obsolete. Of course I’m talking about the eMachines Never Obsolete marketing campaign. Emachines was for a time a very popular line of inexpensive PCs, and the company held its initial public offering March 23, 2000, after selling 2 million PCs in 1999.
Now, what eMachines said and what they meant by never obsolete were two very different things, but if anything that just made the stickers more ludicrous.
CPUs didn’t have brand names, besides the manufacturer, until the 1990s. They had part numbers and clock speeds. Frequently we shortened the part numbers. The 486’s full part number was 80486. The courts wouldn’t let Intel trademark a number, so the 486 was the last CPU of its kind, raising the question: What came after 486?
The follow-up for the 486 was the Pentium, at least in Intel’s case, and it was introduced March 22, 1993. But several companies made 486 CPUs, and several of those released their own follow-ups to the 486, including AMD and Cyrix.
On March 20, 1996, Orchid Technologies announced the Orchid Righteous 3D, the first consumer graphics card based on 3Dfx technology. It retailed for $299, achieved FCC certification July 24, 1996, and reached retail shelves October 6, 1996, beating Diamond Multimedia’s Monster 3D to market. Orchid was 3Dfx’s first OEM partner and the maker of the first 3Dfx Voodoo card.
The Magnavox Odyssey 2 is an overlooked second generation game console, at least in the United States. I was curious how this console sold 2 million units and yet I never saw one and rarely heard about it growing up. It was launched December 1, 1978 and discontinued March 20, 1984. That makes today as good of a time as any to give this console a second look.
AOL, also known as America Online, wasn’t the first online service. But it became the biggest and most popular one. For many people of a certain age, AOL was their first experience with a modem, or with the Internet. Let’s take a look back at AOL history and how its legacy affects things even today.
AOL long had a reputation as a place where inexperienced, unsophisticated computer users hung out, but the company had a long streak of innovation and was ahead of its time in many regards. I’ll bet you had no idea the history of America Online begins way back in 1983. And you may also be surprised to hear the company still exists, though in a different form, even today.
On March 19, 1987, the Pentagon announced that it had learned the Soviet Union acquired machine tooling for making submarine propeller blades from Toshiba Machine, a subsidiary of Toshiba Corporation, better known as a major electronics manufacturer. Between the machine tools the Soviets acquired from Toshiba and Norwegian weapons maker Kongsberg, the Soviets were able to make their submarines harder to detect, identify, and track.
One of the results of scandal was the U.S. Government banning its own use of Toshiba computers and certain other products from Toshiba until the end of 1991. The Japanese government was unhappy with the ban, but did not intervene. This Cold War scandal is largely forgotten today but was a major incident at the time.
On March 16, 1982, sales of the eagerly anticipated Pac-Man conversion for the Atari 2600 started. The game was supposed to launch April 3, 1982. But some retailers started selling the game early. This wouldn’t happen today, but the 1980s were a different time. Atari didn’t have the power to stop it in March 1982, and although nobody realized it at the time, Atari was at the very pinnacle of its power in the early spring of 1982.
Pac-Man ended up being the best selling video game cartridge of 1982, but in the long run, the reputational damage Atari suffered wasn’t worth the cash it made from the 8 million copies it sold.
On March 13, 1986, Microsoft shook up the financial world, and to some degree, we are still feeling the reverberations from that 40 years later. That was the day of Microsoft’s very successful IPO. The hunt for the next Microsoft began immediately, leading directly to the dotcom bubble of the turn of the century. And arguably, the desire for Microsoft and the tech companies who emerged out of the dotcom bubble to prevent another Microsoft contributed to the AI bubble of the mid 2020s.
On March 12, 1989, computer programmer Sir Tim Berners-Lee wrote a paper titled “Information Management, a proposal.” Working at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, he had a problem with information about particle accelerators and experiments being stored on too many different computers with no convenient way to access the data from another computer and no good way to link data stored on one computer to data stored on another one. His proposed solution contained early but recognizable descriptions of HTTP, HTML, and the URI.
Tim Berners-Lee didn’t invent the Internet. Kind of like Al Gore. But he invented something. And his invention did make the Internet infinitely easier to use, and it had many uses beyond his initial need to share information about nuclear science.